Tag: grub

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grub rescue

It could happen that your PC, after some operations (i.g. with gdisk) doesn’t start booting and you are therefore in grub rescue prompt. A very unpleasant situation.

The steps to follow are:

  1. see what are the partitions, with the command ls
    • you should see something like: (hd0)(hd0,msdos1)(hd0,msdos2)(hd1)(hd1,gpt1)
  2. understand what is the right partition to boot (i.g. hd0,gpt2):
    • you can list a single partition to see what it contains, with the command ls (hd0,gpt2). You should be able to see if a partition is the right one.
  3. give the command set prefix=(hd0,gpt2)/boot/grub
  4. give the command set root=(hd0,gpt2)/ root=/dev/sda2 (if the right partition is hd0,gpt2 the name is /dev/sda2, if it was hd1,gpt3 it would be /dev/sdb3)
  5. give the command insmod normal
  6. give the command: normal (or boot)

In this way the system should start with the expected partition.

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customize grub in KDE Neon

0) Avoid Grub customizer: absolutely useless.

1) You can modify /etc/default/grub uncommenting GRUB_THEME=”/boot/grub/themes/breeze/theme.txt”

2) Then you can modify /boot/grub/themes/breeze/theme.txt: for example you can

  • add a background: adding, in # General settings, a line such as “desktop-image: “your-image-in-the-same-folder.png” (obviously you have to put, as root, that image into the folder);
  • reducing the height for menu items, in “+ boot_menu”: “item_height = 15” (not: 33)

3) do “sudo update-grub”

fine tuning

a) you can change the screen resolution (in /etc/default/grub);

  • give this command “xrandr” in order to know the supported resolutions 
  • then uncomment/modify GRUB_GFXMODE=”your desired resolution”

b) you can create your own pf2 font file, with grub-mkfont:
for example “sudo grub-mkfont –output=/boot/grub/fonts/DejaVuSans-10.pf2  –size=10 /usr/share/fonts/truetype/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf”

c) per installare nell’mbr
sudo grub-install /dev/sda